Почтовый сервер в связке Postfix, Dovecot

При установке будем ориентироваться на этот мануал: http://dummyluck.com/page/pochtovyi_server_nastroika_opisanie
Настройку будем производить для сервера с одним доменом. Система FreeBSD 10.1

1. Подготовка.
прописываем хостнейм /etc/rc.conf
hostname="mail.megapuper.ru"

делаем изменения в хостах /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1         localhost
109.172.52.114	  megapuper.ru
109.172.52.114    mail.megapuper.ru

создаём пользователя и группу vmail

# pw groupadd vmail -g 5000
# pw useradd vmail -g vmail -s /sbin/nologin -u 5000

сразу отключаем sendmail
/etc/rc.conf

sendmail_enable="NO"
sendmail_submit_enable="NO"
sendmail_outbound_enable="NO"
sendmail_msp_queue_enable="NO"

/etc/periodic.conf

daily_clean_hoststat_enable="NO"
daily_status_mail_rejects_enable="NO"
daily_status_include_submit_mailq="NO"
daily_submit_queuerun="NO"

2. Ставим Nginx, MySQL, PHP, PHP-extension. Этот web-сервер будет использоваться для postfixadmin.

Здесь коротко, ибо уже тыщу раз ставилось)

Nginx cтавим из пакетов

# pkg install nginx

основной конфиг /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

user www;
worker_processes  2;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
     access_log    /var/log/nginx/access.log;
     error_log     /var/log/nginx/error.log;

     include       /usr/local/etc/nginx/mime.types;
     default_type  application/octet-stream;

     sendfile on;
     tcp_nopush on;
     tcp_nodelay on;
     keepalive_timeout  65;
     client_max_body_size 5m;
     server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
     types_hash_max_size 2048;
     types_hash_bucket_size 64;
     include /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf/*.conf;
}

конфиг виртуального хоста /usr/local/etc/nginx/conf/postfix.conf

server {
        listen 80;
        server_name postfix.megapuper.ru;

root /usr/local/www/postfix;
        index index.php index.html index.htm;

        access_log /var/log/nginx/postfix.access.log;
        error_log  /var/log/nginx/postfix.error.log;

location / {
#        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$uri&$args;
        }

location ~ \.php$ {
    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:10000;
    fastcgi_index  index.php;
    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root/$fastcgi_script_name;
    fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
    include fastcgi_params;
        }
    }

PHP и нужные PHP-extension тоже ставим из пакетов

# pkg install php55
# pkg install php55-* (пригодятся php55-ctype php55-dom php55-gd php55-hash php55-iconv php55-imap php55-json php55-mbstring php55-mcrypt php55-mysql php55-mysqli php55-session php55-xml)

конфиг php-fpm /usr/local/etc/php-fpm.conf

[global]
error_log = /var/log/php/php-fpm.log
pid = /var/run/php-fpm.pid
log_level = notice
include=/usr/local/etc/php/*.conf

конфиг для виртуального хоста /usr/local/etc/php/postfix.conf

[postfix]
prefix = /usr/local/www/$pool
listen = 127.0.0.1:10000
listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1
listen.owner = www
listen.group = www
listen.mode = 0660
user = www
group = www
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 4
pm.start_servers = 2
pm.min_spare_servers = 1
pm.max_spare_servers = 3
pm.max_requests = 100
;pm.status_path = /status/php-fpm/$pool
request_terminate_timeout = 0
request_slowlog_timeout = 1m
slowlog = /var/log/php/$pool.slow.log
catch_workers_output = yes

MySQL тоже из пакетов

# pkg install mysql56-server

простенький конфиг /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
bind-address=127.0.0.1

в конфигах. где используется подключение к базе указываем хост 127.0.0.1

После этого имеем готовый web-сервер можно переходить к установке postfixadmin

3. Установка PostfixAdmin

Скачиваем последнюю версию отсюда http://sourceforge.net/projects/postfixadmin/ и заливаем на web-сервер

создаём базу и даём права пользователю

> create database postfix character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;
> grant all on postfix.* to postfix@127.0.0.1 identified by 'пароль';

Правим основной конфиг postfixadmin config.inc.php Spoiler

<?php

$CONF['configured'] = true;

// In order to setup Postfixadmin, you MUST specify a hashed password here.
// To create the hash, visit setup.php in a browser and type a password into the field,
// on submission it will be echoed out to you as a hashed value.
$CONF['setup_password'] = 'пароль_установки';

// Language config
// Language files are located in './languages', change as required..
$CONF['default_language'] = 'ru';

// Hook to override or add translations in $PALANG
// Set to the function name you want to use as hook function (see language_hook example function below)
$CONF['language_hook'] = ;

// Database Config
// mysql = MySQL 3.23 and 4.0, 4.1 or 5
// mysqli = MySQL 4.1+
// pgsql = PostgreSQL
$CONF['database_type'] = 'mysqli';
$CONF['database_host'] = '127.0.0.1';
$CONF['database_user'] = 'postfix';
$CONF['database_password'] = 'q';
$CONF['database_name'] = 'postfix';

// Here, if you need, you can customize table names.
$CONF['database_prefix'] = ;
$CONF['database_tables'] = array (
'admin' => 'admin'
'alias' => 'alias',
'alias_domain' => 'alias_domain',
'config' => 'config',
'domain' => 'domain',
'domain_admins' => 'domain_admins',
'fetchmail' => 'fetchmail',
'log' => 'log',
'mailbox' => 'mailbox',
'vacation' => 'vacation',
'vacation_notification' => 'vacation_notification',
'quota' => 'quota',
'quota2' => 'quota2',
);

// Site Admin
$CONF['admin_email'] = 'postmaster@megapuper.ru';

// Mail Server
$CONF['smtp_server'] = '127.0.0.1';
$CONF['smtp_port'] = '25';

// Encrypt
$CONF['encrypt'] = 'cleartext';

// Password validation
// New/changed passwords will be validated using all regular expressions in the array.
// If a password doesn't match one of the regular expressions, the corresponding
// error message from $PALANG (see languages/) will be displayed.
// If you need custom error messages, you can add them using $CONF['language_hook'].
// If a $PALANG text contains a %s, you can add its value after the $PALANG key
// (separated with a space).
$CONF['password_validation'] = array(
'/.{5}/' => 'password_too_short 5', # minimum length 5 characters
'/([a-zA-Z].*){3}/' => 'password_no_characters 3', # must contain at least 3 characters
'/([0-9].*){2}/' => 'password_no_digits 2', # must contain at least 2 digits
);

// Generate Password

$CONF['generate_password'] = 'NO';

// Show Password

$CONF['show_password'] = 'NO';

// Page Size
// Set the number of entries that you would like to see in one page.
$CONF['page_size'] = '50';

// Default Aliases
//$CONF['default_aliases'] = array (
// 'abuse' => 'abuse@change-this-to-your.domain.tld',
// 'hostmaster' => 'hostmaster@change-this-to-your.domain.tld',
// 'postmaster' => 'postmaster@change-this-to-your.domain.tld',
// 'webmaster' => 'webmaster@change-this-to-your.domain.tld'
//);

// Mailboxes
// YES: /usr/local/virtual/domain.tld/username@domain.tld
// NO: /usr/local/virtual/username@domain.tld
$CONF['domain_path'] = 'YES';
// If you don't want to have the domain in your mailbox set this to 'NO'.
// YES: /usr/local/virtual/domain.tld/username@domain.tld
// NO: /usr/local/virtual/domain.tld/username
// Note: If $CONF['domain_path'] is set to NO, this setting will be forced to YES.
$CONF['domain_in_mailbox'] = 'NO';
// If you want to define your own function to generate a maildir path set this to the name of the function.
// - this configuration directive will override both domain_path and domain_in_mailbox
// - the maildir_name_hook() function example is present below, commented out
// - if the function does not exist the program will default to the above domain_path and domain_in_mailbox settings
$CONF['maildir_name_hook'] = 'NO';

$CONF['admin_struct_hook'] = ;

$CONF['domain_struct_hook'] = ;
$CONF['alias_struct_hook'] = ;
$CONF['mailbox_struct_hook'] = ;
$CONF['alias_domain_struct_hook'] = ;

// Default Domain Values
// Specify your default values below. Quota in MB.
$CONF['aliases'] = '0';
$CONF['mailboxes'] = '0';
$CONF['maxquota'] = '1024';
$CONF['domain_quota_default'] = '2048';

// Quota
// When you want to enforce quota for your mailbox users set this to 'YES'.
$CONF['quota'] = 'YES';
// If you want to enforce domain-level quotas set this to 'YES'.
$CONF['domain_quota'] = 'YES';
// You can either use '1024000' or '1048576'
$CONF['quota_multiplier'] = '1048576';

// Transport
// If you want to define additional transport options for a domain set this to 'YES'.
$CONF['transport'] = 'YES';
// Transport options
// If you want to define additional transport options put them in array below.
$CONF['transport_options'] = array (
'virtual', // for virtual accounts
'local', // for system accounts
'relay' // for backup mx
);
// Transport default
// You should define default transport. It must be in array above.
$CONF['transport_default'] = 'virtual';

// Virtual Vacation Stuff
// If you want to use virtual vacation for you mailbox users set this to 'YES'.
// NOTE: Make sure that you install the vacation module. (See VIRTUAL-VACATION/)
$CONF['vacation'] = 'NO';

// This is the autoreply domain that you will need to set in your Postfix
// transport maps to handle virtual vacations. It does not need to be a
// real domain (i.e. you don't need to setup DNS for it).
// This domain must exclusively be used for vacation. Do NOT use it for "normal" mail addresses.
$CONF['vacation_domain'] = ;

// Vacation Control
// If you want users to take control of vacation set this to 'YES'.
$CONF['vacation_control'] ='NO';

// Vacation Control for admins
// Set to 'YES' if your domain admins should be able to edit user vacation.
$CONF['vacation_control_admin'] = 'YES';

// ReplyType options
// If you want to define additional reply options put them in array below.
// The array has the format seconds between replies => $PALANG text
// Special values for seconds are:
// 0 => only reply to the first mail while on vacation
// 1 => reply on every mail
$CONF['vacation_choice_of_reply'] = array (
0 => 'reply_once', // Sends only Once the message during Out of Office
60*60 *24*7 => 'reply_once_per_week' // Reply if last autoreply was at least a week ago
);
// End Vacation Stuff.

// Users Control for Domain Admin
// Set to "Yes" if your domain admins schould be able to edit field userscontrole in table domain
// Userscontrol is edited in admin_create-domain.tpl and admin_edit-domain.tpl
// Userscontrol is default set to on when creating a domain
$CONF['users_domain_controle'] = 'YES';

// Alias Control
// Alias control for superadmins
$CONF['alias_control'] = 'YES';

// Alias Control for domain admins
$CONF['alias_control_admin'] = 'YES';

// Special Alias Control
// Set to 'NO' if your domain admins shouldn't be able to edit the default aliases
// as defined in $CONF['default_aliases']
$CONF['special_alias_control'] = 'NO';

// Alias Goto Field Limit
// Set the max number of entries that you would like to see
// in one 'goto' field in overview, the rest will be hidden and "[and X more...]" will be added.
// '0' means no limits.
$CONF['alias_goto_limit'] = '0';

// Alias Domains
// Alias domains allow to "mirror" aliases and mailboxes to another domain. This makes
// configuration easier if you need the same set of aliases on multiple domains, but
// also requires postfix to do more database queries.
// Note: If you update from 2.2.x or earlier, you will have to update your postfix configuration.
// Set to 'NO' to disable alias domains.
$CONF['alias_domain'] = 'YES';

// Backup
// If you don't want backup tab set this to 'NO';
//$CONF['backup'] = 'YES';

// Send Mail
// If you don't want sendmail tab set this to 'NO';
$CONF['sendmail'] = 'YES';

// Logging
// If you don't want logging set this to 'NO';
$CONF['logging'] = 'YES';

// Fetchmail
// If you don't want fetchmail tab set this to 'NO';
//$CONF['fetchmail'] = 'YES';

// fetchmail_extra_options allows users to specify any fetchmail options and any MDA
// (it will even accept 'rm -rf /' as MDA!)
// This should be set to NO, except if you *really* trust *all* your users.
$CONF['fetchmail_extra_options'] = 'YES';

// Header
$CONF['show_header_text'] = 'YES';
$CONF['header_text'] = ':: Postfix Admin ::';

// Footer
$CONF['show_footer_text'] = 'YES';
$CONF['footer_text'] = 'Return to postfix.megapuper.ru';
$CONF['footer_link'] = 'http://postfix.megapuper.ru/';

// MOTD ("Motto of the day")
// You can display a MOTD below the menu on all pages.
// This can be configured seperately for users, domain admins and superadmins
$CONF['motd_user'] = ;
$CONF['motd_admin'] = ;
$CONF['motd_superadmin'] = ;

// Welcome Message
// This message is send to every newly created mailbox.
// Change the text between EOM.
$CONF['welcome_text'] = <<<EOM
Hi,

Welcome to your new account.

EOM;

// When creating mailboxes or aliases, check that the domain-part of the
// address is legal by performing a name server look-up.
$CONF['emailcheck_resolve_domain']='NO';

// Optional:
//set to YES to enable this feature
$CONF['show_status']='YES';
//display a guide to what these colors mean
$CONF['show_status_key']='YES';
// 'show_status_text' will be displayed with the background colors
// associated with each status, you can customize it here
$CONF['show_status_text']='  ';
// show_undeliverable is useful if most accounts are delivered to this
// postfix system. If many aliases and mailboxes are forwarded
// elsewhere, you will probably want to disable this.
$CONF['show_undeliverable']='YES';
$CONF['show_undeliverable_color']='tomato';
// mails to these domains will never be flagged as undeliverable
$CONF['show_undeliverable_exceptions']=array("unixmail.domain.ext","exchangeserver.domain.ext");
$CONF['show_popimap']='YES';
$CONF['show_popimap_color']='darkgrey';
// you can assign special colors to some domains. To do this,
// - add the domain to show_custom_domains
// - add the corresponding color to show_custom_colors
$CONF['show_custom_domains']=array("megapuper.ru","localhost");
$CONF['show_custom_colors']=array("lightgreen","lightblue");
// If you use a recipient_delimiter in your postfix config, you can also honor it when aliases are checked.
// Example: $CONF['recipient_delimiter'] = "+";
// Set to "" to disable this check.
$CONF['recipient_delimiter'] = "+";

// Optional:
// Script to run after creation of mailboxes.
$CONF['mailbox_postcreation_script'] = '/usr/local/www/postfix/scripts/addmail.sh';

// Optional:
// Script to run after alteration of mailboxes.
$CONF['mailbox_postedit_script'] = '/usr/local/www/postfix/scripts/editmail.sh';

// Optional:
// Script to run after deletion of mailboxes.
$CONF['mailbox_postdeletion_script'] = '/usr/local/www/postfix/scripts/delmail.sh';

// Optional:
// Script to run after creation of domains.
$CONF['domain_postcreation_script'] = ;

// Optional:
// Script to run after deletion of domains.
$CONF['domain_postdeletion_script'] = ;

// Optional:
// Sub-folders which should automatically be created for new users.
// The sub-folders will also be subscribed to automatically.
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs'] = array('Archive', 'Drafts', 'Sent', 'Trash');
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_host']='127.0.0.1'; // // Specify for Dovecot and 'INBOX.' for Courier.
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_prefix']=;

// Optional:
// Show used quotas from Dovecot dictionary backend in virtual
// mailbox listing.
$CONF['used_quotas'] = 'YES';

// if you use dovecot >= 1.2, set this to yes.
// Note about dovecot config: table "quota" is for 1.0 & 1.1, table "quota2" is for dovecot 1.2 and newer
$CONF['new_quota_table'] = 'YES';

// Normally, the TCP port number does not have to be specified.
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_hostport']=143;
// If you have trouble connecting to the IMAP-server, then specify
// a value for $CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_hostoptions']. These
// are some examples to experiment with:
$CONF['create_mailbox_subdirs_hostoptions'] = array('novalidate-cert','norsh');

// Theme Config
// Specify your own logo and CSS file
$CONF['theme_logo'] = 'images/logo-default.png';
$CONF['theme_css'] = 'css/default.css';
// If you want to customize some styles without editing the $CONF['theme_css'] file,
// you can add a custom CSS file. It will be included after $CONF['theme_css'].
$CONF['theme_custom_css'] = ;

// XMLRPC Interface.
// This should be only of use if you wish to use e.g the
// Postfixadmin-Squirrelmail package
// change to boolean true to enable xmlrpc
$CONF['xmlrpc_enabled'] = false;

// If you want to keep most settings at default values and/or want to ensure
// that future updates work without problems, you can use a separate config
// file (config.local.php) instead of editing this file and override some
// settings there.
if (file_exists(dirname(__FILE__) . '/config.local.php')) {
include(dirname(__FILE__) . '/config.local.php');
}

// END OF CONFIG FILE

Теперь заходим на http://postfixadmin/setup.php и видим, что запустилась установка
Если все условия установки выполнены, то в базе создадутся необходимые таблицы и будет предложено создать суперадмина.

В поле Setup password вводим пароль из config.inc.php: $CONF['setup_password'] = 'пароль_установки';
Заполняем остальные поля, и после нажатия кнопки Создать сгенерится хэш.

Этот хеш надо вставить в config.inc.php : $CONF['setup_password'] = 'хеш';
Повторяем процедуру заведения суперадмина используя пароль_установки

осле создания суперадмина временно оставляем postfixadmin(так как без postfix и dovecot ящики создаваться не будут)

6. Устанавливаем Postfix.

Postfix ставим из портов, т.к. пакет ставится без поддержки mysql

# cd /usr/ports/mail/postfix
# make install clean
[X] MYSQL, PCRE, SASL2, TLS
CYRUS-SASL [X] MYSQL, CRAM, DIGEST, LOGIN, PLAIN

По окончании установки активируем postfix

Would you like to activate Postfix in /etc/mail/mailer.conf [n]? y

Заведём нужные aliases /etc/aliases

www:    postmaster@megapuper.ru

Инициализируем базу алиасов

# newaliases

Рихтуем основные конфиги postfix
первый /usr/local/etс/postfix/main.cf Spoiler

biff=no

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix
command_directory = /usr/local/sbin
daemon_directory = /usr/local/libexec/postfix
data_directory = /var/db/postfix

mail_owner = postfix

append_dot_mydomain = no
recipient_delimiter = +
default_destination_recipient_limit = 1
mailbox_size_limit = 1024000000
message_size_limit = 20480000
queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix

inet_protocols = ipv4

inet_interfaces = all

myhostname = mail.megapuper.ru

mydomain = megapuper.ru
myorigin = $mydomain
mydestination = localhost.$mydomain, localhost
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8, 192.168.0.0/24

alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases

alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
smtp_generic_maps = hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/aliases_smtp_output
lmtp_generic_maps = hash:/usr/local/etc/postfix/aliases_lmtp
sender_bcc_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_bcc_mailbox_maps.cf, mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_bcc_domain_maps.cf
virtual_mailbox_domains = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_domains.cf
virtual_mailbox_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_maps.cf
virtual_alias_maps = mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_domain_maps.cf,mysql:/usr/local/etc/postfix/mysql_virtual_alias_maps.cf

virtual_transport = lmtp:unix:private/dovecot-lmtp

strict_rfc821_envelopes = yes

mail_spool_directory = /var/spool/mail

smtpd_helo_required = yes

delay_notice_recipient = postmaster@megapuper.ru

bounce_notice_recipient = postmaster@megapuper.ru
2bounce_notice_recipient = postmaster@megapuper.ru
error_notice_recipient = postmaster@megapuper.ru

debug_peer_level = 2

debugger_command =
PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin ddd $daemon_directory/$process_name $process_id & sleep 5

sendmail_path = /usr/local/sbin/sendmail

newaliases_path = /usr/local/bin/newaliases
mailq_path = /usr/local/bin/mailq

setgid_group = maildrop

sample_directory = /usr/local/etc/postfix

второй /usr/local/etс/postfix/master.cf Spoiler

1. ==========================================================================
2. service type private unpriv chroot wakeup maxproc command + args
3. (yes) (yes) (yes) (never) (100)
4. ==========================================================================

smtpd pass - - n - - smtpd smtp inet n - n - - smtpd

1. smtp inet n - n - 1 postscreen
2. smtpd pass - - n - - smtpd
3. dnsblog unix - - n - 0 dnsblog
4. tlsproxy unix - - n - 0 tlsproxy
5. submission inet n - n - - smtpd
6. -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
7. -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
8. -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
9. -o smtpd_reject_unlisted_recipient=no
10. -o smtpd_client_restrictions=$mua_client_restrictions
11. -o smtpd_helo_restrictions=$mua_helo_restrictions
12. -o smtpd_sender_restrictions=$mua_sender_restrictions
13. -o smtpd_recipient_restrictions=
14. -o smtpd_relay_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
15. -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING

pickup unix n - n 60 1 pickup cleanup unix n - n - 0 cleanup qmgr unix n - n 300 1 qmgr tlsmgr unix - - n 1000? 1 tlsmgr rewrite unix - - n - - trivial-rewrite bounce unix - - n - 0 bounce defer unix - - n - 0 bounce trace unix - - n - 0 bounce verify unix - - n - 1 verify flush unix n - n 1000? 0 flush proxymap unix - - n - - proxymap proxywrite unix - - n - 1 proxymap smtp unix - - n - - smtp relay unix - - n - - smtp

1. -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5

showq unix n - n - - showq error unix - - n - - error retry unix - - n - - error discard unix - - n - - discard local unix - n n - - local virtual unix - n n - - virtual lmtp unix - - n - - lmtp anvil unix - - n - 1 anvil scache unix - - n - 1 scache

1. ====================================================================
2. Interfaces to non-Postfix software.
3. ====================================================================

maildrop unix - n n - - pipe

 flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/local/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}

uucp unix - n n - - pipe

 flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)

2. ifmail unix - n n - - pipe
3. flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
4. bsmtp unix - n n - - pipe
5. flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
6. scalemail-backend unix - n n - 2 pipe
7. flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
8. mailman unix - n n - - pipe
9. flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
10. ${nexthop} ${user}
11. python-postfix-policyd-spf
12. policyd-spf unix - n n - 0 spawn
13. user=nobody argv=/usr/bin/python /usr/bin/policyd-spf
14. retry unix - - - - - error
15. ====================================================================

7. Устанавливаем Dovecot.